The cooling technology of aluminum forgings in construction machinery refers to the control of the temperature in the forging process through appropriate cooling methods in the manufacturing process of aluminum forgings to achieve the purpose of optimizing the structure and performance of materials. Cooling technology mainly includes the following ways:
- Natural cooling: After the forging is removed from the high temperature furnace, it is cooled by free heat dissipation. This method is simple and easy to use, but the cooling rate is slow, and it is easy to cause the problem of phase non-uniformity of large-size forgings.
- Quenched water cooling: the forging is placed in cold water or cooling media for rapid cooling. This method can effectively improve the cooling rate, making the structure of the forging more dense, higher hardness, but it is easy to cause stress concentration inside the forging, which may lead to cracks.
- Quenched oil cooling: Place the forgings in the oil for cooling. Compared with quenching water cooling, quenching oil cooling has lower cooling rate and better cooling effect, which can reduce the stress concentration degree of forging and reduce the risk of cracking.
- Water quenching + artificial aging: the forging is cooled rapidly by quenching water cooling, and then the appropriate heat treatment, such as artificial aging, to further adjust the organization and performance of the forging. This method is often used for aluminum forgings that require high strength and hardness.
The evaluation of the effect of cooling technology for aluminum forgings in construction machinery mainly includes the following aspects:
- Evaluation of physical properties: Through the mechanical properties of the cooled aluminum forgings are tested, such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, etc., to evaluate the impact of cooling technology on the mechanical properties of aluminum forgings.
- Microstructure and microstructure evaluation: Metallographic microscope and other instruments are used to observe and analyze the microstructure of aluminum forgings after cooling, including grain size, grain boundary morphology, phase composition and other parameters to evaluate the effect of cooling technology on the microstructure properties of aluminum forgings.
- Surface quality assessment: Through the observation and detection of the surface of the cooled aluminum forgings, such as surface hardness, surface roughness and other indicators, to evaluate the impact of cooling technology on the surface quality of aluminum forgings.
- Crack and deformation assessment: By detecting the crack and deformation of aluminum forgings after cooling, such as ultrasonic detection, X-ray detection and other methods, to evaluate the impact of cooling technology on the quality and reliability of aluminum forgings.
It should be noted that different aluminum forging materials and manufacturing processes may have an impact on the selection and evaluation of cooling technology, so it is necessary to consider the actual situation in the specific application.
