In the manufacturing industry, metal forgings as an important mechanical parts, its manufacturing process has a pivotal position. In the production process of metal forgings, the choice of cooling process and equipment plays a decisive role in the quality and performance of the final product. In this paper, the cooling process and equipment selection of metal forgings will be discussed in depth, aiming to help readers better understand and use relevant technologies to improve the production efficiency and product quality of metal forgings.
Cooling process analysis:
The cooling process of metal forgings is mainly divided into the following types: air cooling, water cooling, spray cooling, salt bath cooling and vibration cooling. Air cooling refers to the natural cooling of high temperature forgings in the air, which is simple and easy to use, and is suitable for the cooling of small forgings and low alloy steel forgings. Water cooling is the forgings immersed in water, through the direct contact of water and hot metal for rapid heat dissipation, suitable for large forgings and high-speed steel forgings cooling. Spray cooling is sprayed on the surface of the forgings after water atomization by the sprayer, which has the advantages of fast cooling speed and uniform cooling, and is suitable for the cooling of complex shapes, thin walls and large forgings. Salt bath cooling is a cooling method using molten salt as the cooling medium, which has the advantages of high cooling speed and uniform cooling, but requires special equipment, and is suitable for the cooling of small and high alloy steel forgings. Vibration cooling refers to the forging into the vibration conveyor, through vibration to achieve uniform cooling, suitable for small, thin-walled, high-precision forging cooling.
Equipment selection:
According to different cooling process requirements, the corresponding cooling equipment can be selected. Air cooling equipment generally uses a trolley or conveyor cooling bed, which can meet the cooling needs of most metal forgings. Water cooling equipment, including pools, spray systems and rolling devices, can meet the cooling needs of large forgings and high speed steel forgings. Spray cooling equipment, including sprayers, water pumps and cooling towers, can meet the cooling needs of complex shapes, thin walls and large forgings. Salt bath cooling equipment, including molten salt furnace, molten salt tank and conveying mechanism, can meet the cooling needs of small, high alloy steel forgings. Vibration cooling equipment, including vibration conveyor, exciter and controller, can meet the cooling needs of small, thin-walled, high-precision forgings.
Operating points:
When using various cooling equipment, it is necessary to pay attention to the following operating points:
Select the appropriate cooling process and equipment according to the forging material and size to ensure product quality and performance;
Strictly follow the equipment operation rules to avoid equipment damage or safety accidents caused by misoperation;
Check and maintain the equipment regularly to ensure the normal operation of the equipment;
Pay attention to the temperature and time control in the cooling process to ensure that the forging reaches the ideal organization and performance;
According to the actual production needs, reasonable arrangement of cooling process and equipment use, improve production efficiency and product quality.
In this paper, the cooling process and equipment selection of metal forgings are discussed in detail, the advantages and disadvantages of different cooling processes and their application range are introduced, and the corresponding cooling equipment is selected according to the actual production demand. Through the introduction of operation points and application examples, readers can better understand and use relevant technologies to improve the production efficiency and product quality of metal forgings. In actual production, the appropriate cooling process and equipment should be selected according to the specific situation, and attention should be paid to the main points of operation to ensure the safety, efficiency and stability of the production process.
