As a key connecting element in mechanical equipment and structure, the performance stability of fasteners is crucial to the normal operation and safety of the entire equipment. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the performance requirements of fasteners are becoming higher and higher, among which the fluid resistance characteristics are an important one. It is important to understand the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners under different working conditions and how to reduce the resistance. In this paper, the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners are studied based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Theoretical analysis
The fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners are related to material, shape, surface quality and other factors. The physical properties of different materials, such as density, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, etc., affect the resistance characteristics. In terms of shape, generally speaking, sharper shapes produce more resistance in the fluid, while rounder shapes produce less resistance. In addition, the surface quality also has a certain impact on the fluid resistance characteristics of the fastener, and the smooth surface is conducive to reducing the resistance.
Experimental design and data processing
In order to obtain the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners under actual working conditions, it is necessary to establish a CFD model of fasteners and carry out experimental measurement. First, a 3D scanner is used to obtain the actual shape and size of the fastener, which is imported into the CFD software as a model. Then, the physical property parameters and flow conditions of the fluid are set, and the resistance of the fasteners under different flow rates is obtained through CFD software.
Experimental data processing includes post-processing and statistical analysis of simulation results. By visualizing the simulation results, the flow of the fluid and the resistance distribution are observed. In addition, the value of the resistance and the relationship between the resistance and the flow rate can be calculated.
Results and discussion
Through post-processing and statistical analysis of the simulation results, the following conclusions can be drawn:
The shape of the fastener has a significant effect on the fluid resistance characteristics. In general, sharper shapes generate more resistance in the fluid, while rounder shapes generate less resistance. In the design process of fasteners, the influence of the shape on the resistance should be fully considered to reduce the resistance.
The surface quality has a certain influence on the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners. Fasteners with smooth surfaces generate less resistance in the fluid, which can improve the surface quality by polishing the fastener surface, coating treatment, etc., and further reduce the resistance.
The material of fasteners also has a significant influence on the fluid resistance characteristics. For example, fasteners of high-strength materials such as high-strength steel and titanium alloy produce relatively large resistance in the fluid, while fasteners of lightweight materials such as aluminum alloy produce relatively small resistance in the fluid. When selecting fastener materials, the mechanical properties and fluid resistance characteristics of materials should be comprehensively considered according to the actual working conditions.
The flow rate has an important effect on the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners. With the increase of flow rate, the resistance of fasteners also increases correspondingly. This can be achieved by optimizing the structural design, selecting the appropriate surface treatment method and other measures to reduce the resistance.
Compared with previous studies, the CFD model and method established in this paper can simulate and calculate the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners more accurately, and provide a new idea and method for the design and optimization of fasteners. At the same time, the differences between the results of this study and those of previous studies also show that the design and use conditions of fasteners have important effects on their fluid resistance characteristics, and should be fully considered.
In this paper, the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners were studied based on computational fluid dynamics, and the fluid resistance characteristics and influencing factors of fasteners under different working conditions were obtained. The CFD model and method established in this paper can simulate and calculate the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners more accurately, and provide a new idea and method for the design and optimization of fasteners. At the same time, the results of this paper also show that the design and use conditions of fasteners have an important impact on their fluid resistance characteristics, which should be fully considered.
However, there are still some limitations in this study. First of all, only a single specification and type of fasteners were studied during the experiment, and more types and specifications of fasteners can be further studied in the future to improve the universality of the research conclusions. Secondly, the CFD model established in this paper does not consider the influence of other factors such as temperature and pressure, so the model can be further improved and perfected in the future to simulate the actual situation more accurately.
In addition, the fluid resistance characteristics studied in this paper is only an important aspect of fastener performance, the future can consider other properties such as fatigue performance, corrosion resistance, etc., to carry out more comprehensive and in-depth research. In short, the research on the fluid resistance characteristics of fasteners has great significance and broad prospects, and it is worth our further exploration and research.
