As an important engineering material, building forgings play an important role in the construction industry. Because of its high strength, hardness and corrosion resistance, it is widely used in Bridges, high-rise buildings, water conservancy projects and other key parts. However, during service, construction forgings are subjected to various stresses, such as bending, compression, etc., which easily lead to ductile fracture failure. Therefore, this paper will focus on the ductile fracture behavior and evaluation technology of building forgings.
Ductile fracture behavior
The fracture behavior of building forgings is ductile fracture when they are subjected to bending, compression and other stresses. Ductile fracture refers to the gradual plastic deformation of the material under the action of stress, which eventually forms a crack and expands resulting in fracture. In the ductile fracture process of forging, the plastic deformation capacity, crack propagation rate and fracture modulus of the material are important to evaluate its performance.
The factors affecting ductile fracture behavior of forging mainly include material composition, microstructure, stress state and environmental conditions. For example, the carbon content and the addition of alloying elements have significant effects on the strength and toughness of the material; The microstructure, such as grain size and dislocation density, also affect the plastic deformation ability and crack propagation rate of the material.
Evaluation technique
At present, the technical methods for evaluating ductile fracture behavior of building forgings are mainly divided into experimental methods and numerical simulation methods.
The experimental methods mainly include mechanical property test, metallographic observation, fracture analysis, etc. Through these experimental methods, the yield strength, tensile strength, impact toughness and other mechanical properties of the material, as well as the fracture morphology and crack growth path information can be obtained. Although the experimental method is intuitive and reliable, it requires a lot of time and resources, and is often limited by the experimental conditions and the number of samples.
The numerical simulation method simulates the deformation, crack propagation and fracture process of the material under the action of stress by establishing the physical model of the material. This method can process and analyze a large amount of data in a short time, and can optimize the design by adjusting the model parameters. However, the accuracy of numerical simulation methods often depends on the degree of model simplification, material parameter setting and other factors, and it requires high computational resources and algorithms.
Future outlook
With the development of science and technology, the evaluation technology of ductile fracture behavior of building forgings is more and more demanding. In the future, evaluation technology will develop in the following directions:
Combining experiment and numerical simulation: By combining experimental methods and numerical simulation methods, the advantages of both can be fully utilized to improve the efficiency and accuracy of evaluation. For example, the mechanical property parameters of real materials are obtained by experimental method, and the fracture process of materials under complex stress is simulated by numerical simulation method.
Utilization of high performance computing resources: With the advancement of computer technology, the efficiency and accuracy of numerical simulation can be improved with the help of more powerful computing resources and efficient algorithms. For example, the use of graphics processors (Gpus) for parallel computing reduces simulation time; To develop more accurate material constitutive models and fracture criteria to more truly reflect the actual behavior of materials.
Application of data mining and machine learning technology: By collecting a large number of experimental data and simulation results, using data mining and machine learning technology to conduct in-depth analysis of the data, find the key factors and rules affecting the ductile fracture behavior of forging, and realize the optimal design of materials and the prediction of ductile fracture behavior.
Multi-scale simulation: Considering the behavior of materials at different scales is critical for evaluating ductile fracture behavior of forgings. The multi-scale simulation method can combine the microstructure (such as grain, dislocation, etc.) with the macroscopic mechanical properties to understand the fracture behavior of materials more comprehensively.
conclusion
In this paper, the ductile fracture behavior and evaluation technology of building forgings are discussed in detail. By understanding the ductile fracture behavior and its influencing factors, comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the experimental method and the numerical simulation method, the following conclusions can be drawn:
The ductile fracture behavior of building forgings is affected by many factors, including material composition, microstructure, stress state and environmental conditions. A comprehensive understanding of these factors and their interactions is essential to evaluate the ductile fracture behavior of forgings.
At present, the experimental method and numerical simulation method are widely used to evaluate the ductile fracture behavior of building forgings. Although both methods have their own advantages and limitations, combining them can give play to their respective advantages and improve the efficiency and accuracy of assessment.
With the development of science and technology, the evaluation technology of ductile fracture behavior of building forgings will develop towards the combination of experiment and numerical simulation, the utilization of high performance computing resources, the application of data mining and machine learning technology, and multi-scale simulation. The development of these technologies will contribute to a deeper understanding of ductile fracture behavior of forgings and improve the performance and reliability of materials.
