Forging production is an important link in the machinery manufacturing industry, which is of great significance for improving product quality and reducing production costs. However, in the forging production process, due to various reasons, there are often various defects, such as shrinkage holes, cracks, folding and so on. These defects will not only affect the performance and quality of forgings, but even lead to the scrapping of forgings in serious cases. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve forging quality and reduce production cost to analyze and study the defects of forging production and put forward effective preventive measures.
Types and causes of defects in forging production
Shrinkage hole: Shrinkage hole is one of the most common defects in forging production, the main reason is that the volume of the metal shrinks during the solidification process, and the metal liquid in the cavity is not replenished in time. The shrinkage hole generally appears in the final solidification part of the forging, such as the riser, the bottom, etc.
Crack: Crack is a serious defect in forging production, the main reason is that the metal is subjected to excessive stress in the forging process, exceeding the strength limit of the metal. Cracks generally appear in the stress concentration parts of the forging, such as rounded corners, holes and so on.
Folding: Folding is a common defect in the production of forgings, the main reason is that the metal is subjected to uneven deformation during the forging process, making the metal surface fold. Folds generally appear on the surface or under the skin of the forging.
Measures to prevent defects in forging production
Control of pouring temperature and speed: Reasonable control of pouring temperature and speed can reduce the flow resistance of metal in the cavity, so that the metal liquid is fully supplemented to all parts of the cavity, so as to avoid the production of shrinkage holes.
Adopting reasonable forging process: Adopting reasonable forging process, such as controlling deformation amount, deformation speed and deformation temperature, can reduce the stress effect of metal in the forging process and avoid the generation of cracks.
Improve the quality of the mold: The use of high-quality molds can ensure that the metal is uniformly deformed during the forging process and avoid folding. At the same time, regular maintenance and maintenance of the mold can also extend the service life of the mold and improve the quality of the forging.
The use of non-destructive testing technology: the use of non-destructive testing technology, such as ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing, etc., can be a comprehensive detection of forgings, timely detection and elimination of potential defects, to avoid the expansion and deterioration of defects.
Strengthen the monitoring and management of the production process: strengthen the monitoring and management of the production process, including the quality control of raw materials, the strict implementation of the production process, the regular maintenance of equipment, etc., can reduce the possibility of defects in the production of forgings from the source.
The defects in forging production are important factors that affect the quality and performance of forging. Through the analysis of the types and causes of defects in forging production, effective prevention measures are put forward, which is of great significance for improving the quality of forging and reducing the production cost. In the actual production process, targeted measures should be taken according to the specific situation, and a variety of means should be comprehensively used to ensure the quality and efficiency of forging production. At the same time, constantly strengthen technology research and development and equipment update, improve the advanced nature and reliability of the production process, is also an important direction for the development of the future forging production industry.
