Motor bearing is an important part of motor equipment, and its performance directly affects the running accuracy, stability and life of the motor. During the operation of the motor, the noise and vibration of the bearing are common problems, which not only affect the performance of the motor, but also may adversely affect the surrounding environment and personnel. Therefore, it is of great significance to study and apply the noise control and vibration reduction technology of motor bearing.
The noise of motor bearings is caused by many factors, such as the structure of bearings, materials, manufacturing process, lubrication conditions and working environment. In order to control the noise of bearings, the following techniques can be adopted:
Traditional damping damping technology: by adding damping materials between the inner and outer rings of the bearing, the damping characteristics of the bearing are increased, so as to reduce the bearing noise. Commonly used damping materials are rubber, polymer materials and so on.
Structural acoustic control technology: by changing the structural design of bearings, the vibration and noise of bearings are reduced. For example, using low noise bearings, optimizing the channel design of bearings, improving the cage structure, etc.
Non-structural acoustic control technology: By taking measures outside the bearing, the bearing noise is reduced. For example, install sound insulation enclosures around bearings, use sound absorbing materials, etc.
The vibration of motor bearings is caused by a variety of factors, such as too large or too small bearing clearance, poor lubrication, bearing wear, bearing inner and outer rings with poor fit. In order to reduce the vibration of the bearing, the following techniques can be adopted:
Traditional mechanical vibration reduction technology: mechanical devices such as shock absorbers or shock pads are installed on the bearing seat or shaft to absorb or reduce the vibration energy of the bearing, so as to reduce the bearing vibration.
Hydraulic damping technology: Using the damping characteristics of the liquid, the hydraulic shock absorber is set on the bearing seat or shaft to absorb the vibration energy of the bearing and reduce the vibration of the bearing.
Electromagnetic vibration damping technology: Using the electromagnetic principle, the electromagnetic shock absorber is set on the bearing seat or shaft to produce the electromagnetic force opposite to the bearing vibration, thus cancels the bearing vibration.
In practical applications, the noise control and vibration reduction technology of motor bearings needs to be selected and applied according to the specific situation. Here are some practical use cases:
In wind turbines, due to the harsh working environment, bearings are easy to be damaged and produce noise and vibration. The use of polymer materials as damping materials can effectively reduce the noise and vibration of bearings, and improve the operating efficiency and stability of wind turbines.
In high-speed trains, the vibration and noise of motor bearings have an impact on passenger comfort. The use of hydraulic vibration reduction technology and low noise bearing can effectively reduce the vibration and noise of bearings and improve the comfort of passengers.
In precision machinery, the vibration and noise of motor bearings affect the mechanical accuracy. Using structural acoustic control technology and traditional mechanical vibration reduction technology, the vibration and noise of bearing can be effectively reduced, and the precision and stability of the machine can be improved.
This paper introduces the principle, advantages and disadvantages and application of noise control and vibration reduction technology of motor bearing. In practical applications, it is necessary to select and apply according to specific circumstances to achieve the best control effect. With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, it is believed that more advanced noise control and vibration reduction technologies will appear in the future, making greater contributions to the performance improvement and life extension of motor bearings.
