Forging production is an important link in the machinery manufacturing industry, and forging ratio is one of the key factors affecting the quality of forging. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the choice of forging ratio in forging production, explore its influencing factors, and put forward a reasonable choice scheme for practical production.
Forging ratio refers to the ratio of the volume of the raw material to the volume of the forging in the forging process. It reflects the degree of deformation of raw materials in the forging process, and has an important impact on the internal organization and mechanical properties of forgings. Generally speaking, the larger the forging ratio, the higher the density, strength and toughness of the forgings, but at the same time, it will also lead to an increase in production costs and a reduction in production efficiency. Therefore, when choosing forging ratio, it is necessary to consider many factors comprehensively.
Forging ratio selection factors
Material properties: Different materials have different malleability and deformation resistance, so it is necessary to fully consider the performance characteristics of the material when choosing the forging ratio. Generally speaking, materials with good malleability and small deformation resistance can use a larger forging ratio, while materials with poor malleability and large deformation resistance need to appropriately reduce the forging ratio.
Production requirements: Different forgings have different use requirements and performance requirements, so the production requirements need to be fully considered when choosing the forging ratio. For example, for forgings that bear heavy loads, they need to have higher strength and toughness, and a larger forging ratio can be used; For forgings with complex shapes, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the forging ratio to avoid excessive deformation and cracking.
Economic factors: The choice of forging ratio also needs to consider economic factors. Larger forging ratio can improve the quality and performance of forgings, but it will also lead to an increase in production costs and a reduction in production efficiency. Therefore, factors such as production cost and market competitiveness need to be considered when choosing the forging ratio to achieve the best economic benefits.
According to the above analysis, the choice of forging ratio needs to be analyzed according to the actual situation, and comprehensive consideration of various factors. Here are some common forging ratio options:
Select according to material properties: for the material with good malleability and small deformation resistance, a larger forging ratio can be used; For materials with poor forgability and high deformation resistance, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the forging ratio.
Select according to production requirements: for forgings bearing heavy loads, a larger forging ratio can be used; For forgings with complex shapes, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the forging ratio.
Selection according to economic factors: under the premise of meeting the use requirements and performance requirements, the forging ratio can be considered to reduce production costs and improve production efficiency.
Comprehensive selection: considering various factors such as material properties, production requirements and economic factors, choose the appropriate forging ratio scheme. For example, the method of stage forging can be used, with pre-forging at a lower forging ratio and then final forging at a higher forging ratio to achieve the best forging results.
Forging ratio is one of the key factors affecting the quality of forging parts, and its selection needs to be analyzed according to the actual situation and consider many factors comprehensively. When choosing forging ratio, it is necessary to consider the influencing factors such as material properties, production requirements and economic factors, and put forward a reasonable choice scheme. In the future, with the continuous development of science and technology, it is believed that more advanced forging technologies and methods will appear, injecting new impetus into the development of the forging production industry.
