This paper introduces the low temperature performance and test method of railway bearing forgings. Through the performance analysis of railway bearing forgings under low temperature environment, the points for attention in use are expounded. At the same time, the methods and standards for testing the low temperature performance of railway bearing forgings are introduced in detail, including test equipment, sample preparation, test process and result evaluation. In the end, the importance and application value of low temperature performance test are explained, and the development trend and challenge of low temperature performance test of railway bearing forgings in the future are put forward.
With the rapid development of railway transportation, railway bearing forging as a key component, its performance has an important impact on the safety and stability of railway operation. In low temperature environment, the performance of railway bearing forgings will change, so it is very important to test and evaluate the low temperature performance of railway bearing forgings.
In the low temperature environment, the material strength and hardness of railway bearing forgings will be increased, but its toughness will be reduced, which is easy to lead to brittle fracture. At the same time, low temperature will also affect the friction performance and lubrication effect of railway bearing forgings. Therefore, when using railway bearing forgings in a low temperature environment, the following points need to be noted:
Select suitable materials to improve the low temperature toughness of forging;
Optimize the lubrication design to ensure the lubrication effect in low temperature environment;
Strictly control the running speed to avoid excessive speed resulting in overheating of the bearing.
In order to evaluate the low temperature performance of railway bearing forgings, the following test methods can be used:
Testing equipment: using low temperature testing machine for testing;
Sample preparation: prepare the railway bearing forging sample in line with the standard;
Test process: The sample is placed in the low temperature testing machine, and the performance is tested under the specified low temperature conditions;
Result evaluation: According to the test results, evaluate the low temperature performance of railway bearing forgings.
Taking a certain type of railway bearing forgings as an example, the low-temperature performance test was carried out. The test results show that the yield strength and hardness of the forgings are improved at -40℃, but the toughness is reduced. At the same time, the lubrication effect is affected to some extent, and the friction coefficient is increased. According to the test results, it is necessary to optimize the material selection and lubrication design of the forging to improve its low temperature performance.
The low temperature performance test of railway bearing forgings is of great significance to ensure the safety and stability of railway operation. Through testing, we can understand the performance of forgings in low temperature environment, and provide a basis for optimal design and use. With the continuous development of railway technology, the demand for low-temperature performance testing of railway bearing forgings will be further increased in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research and improve the level of testing technology to cope with the increasingly severe challenges of low temperature environment.
