Residual stress often occurs during the manufacturing of aluminum alloy forgings. These residual stresses may adversely affect the mechanical properties, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance of forgings. Therefore, it is of great significance to control and reduce the residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings for improving product quality and performance. This paper discusses the cause of residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings and puts forward the corresponding control strategy.
The main causes of residual stress of aluminum alloy forging include the following aspects:
Uneven cooling rate: In the forging process, due to the uneven cooling rate of different parts of the forging, the internal thermal stress is generated, and then the residual stress is formed.
Plastic deformation: Aluminum alloy forgings undergo plastic deformation during the forging process, and plastic deformation can cause dislocation and grain boundary sliding within and between grains, resulting in residual stress.
Heat treatment process: Behavior such as phase transformation and precipitation during heat treatment may also cause volume change and lattice distortion, resulting in residual stress.
In order to control and reduce the residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings, the following strategies can be adopted:
Optimization of forging process: Through reasonable design of forging process, control of forging temperature, deformation rate and cooling rate and other parameters, so that the forging in the forging process uniform deformation and cooling, thereby reducing the residual stress.
Heat treatment control: reasonable development of heat treatment process, by adjusting temperature, time and cooling mode and other parameters, control of phase transformation process and precipitation behavior, to reduce the generation of residual stress.
Prestress treatment: The prestress treatment method is used to load a certain prestress on the aluminum alloy forgings, so that it is contrary to the residual stress to achieve the effect of reducing or eliminating the residual stress.
Residual stress measurement and evaluation: The use of non-destructive testing technology, such as X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, etc., to measure and evaluate the residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings. By knowing the distribution and magnitude of residual stress in time, corresponding control measures can be taken accordingly.
With the continuous progress of science and technology, the control of residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings in the future will pay more attention to refinement and intelligence. Advanced technologies such as numerical simulation and artificial intelligence will play an important role in residual stress prediction and control. At the same time, with the development of new materials and new processes, it is expected to achieve more effective control of residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings and improve product quality and performance.
The residual stress of aluminum alloy forging is an important factor affecting the quality and performance of the product. The residual stress of aluminum alloy forgings can be reduced and controlled effectively by optimizing forging process, heat treatment regulation, prestress treatment and residual stress measurement and evaluation. This will help improve the mechanical properties, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy forgings, and promote the sustainable development of aluminum alloy forgings.
