In this paper, the research progress of strengthening the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings in recent years is reviewed. By analyzing the innovation and application of key technologies such as alloy design, forging process, heat treatment and surface treatment, this paper summarizes the current research status and points out the future development direction.
As a lightweight structural material, magnesium alloy has a wide application prospect in aerospace, automotive, electronics and other fields. However, the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys are relatively low, which limits their application in some fields requiring high performance. Therefore, strengthening the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings has become a hot and difficult research topic. In this paper, the research progress in recent years will be summarized and its development trend will be analyzed.
Alloy design is one of the key methods to strengthen the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings. The microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys can be improved by adjusting the types and contents of alloying elements. At present, researchers mainly improve the strength and toughness of magnesium alloys by adding rare earth elements, transition metal elements and optimizing the alloy ratio. For example, the addition of rare earth elements can improve the strength of magnesium alloys at room temperature and high temperature, and improve their creep properties. The addition of transition metal elements can enhance the age hardening effect and increase the yield strength and tensile strength of magnesium alloys. These alloy design strategies provide an effective way to develop high performance magnesium alloy forgings.
The forging process has an important influence on the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings. By optimizing forging parameters, such as deformation temperature, strain rate and deformation degree, the microstructure and mechanical properties of forgings can be controlled. In recent years, some new forging techniques, such as isothermal forging, multidirectional forging and high pressure forging, have been applied to the preparation of magnesium alloy forgings, which can effectively improve its mechanical properties. These new technologies can refine grain and improve texture, thus increasing strength and plasticity of forgings.
Heat treatment is an important means to further improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings. The precipitated phase of magnesium alloy can be regulated and its microstructure and interface structure can be improved by heat treatment such as solution treatment and aging treatment, so as to improve its mechanical properties. In recent years, researchers have carried out many innovations in the heat treatment process, such as developing a new aging system, optimizing aging temperature and time, etc., to achieve higher strength and better toughness matching.
Surface treatment technology can not only improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy forgings, but also improve its mechanical properties. For example, through the surface treatment technology such as shot peening and surface nanometer, the residual compressive stress can be introduced on the surface of the forging to improve the surface microhardness and fatigue properties. These surface treatment techniques provide a new way to improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings.
In this paper, the research progress of strengthening the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings is summarized from the aspects of alloy design, forging process, heat treatment and surface treatment. Despite the achievements, there are still some challenges and problems that need to be addressed. In the future, it is necessary to further study the alloying mechanism and explore new alloying elements and ratios. Develop new forging technology with high efficiency and environmental protection to achieve precise control of forging structure and performance; Optimize heat treatment system and surface treatment technology to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of forgings. Through continuous innovation and efforts, we believe that we can further strengthen the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy forgings and promote its application in more fields.
