Hot die forging is an important technology in the field of metal forming, which is widely used in the manufacture of various parts and structural parts. However, in the actual production process, the hot die forging process may have various defects, which not only affect the quality of the product, but also may increase the production cost. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of defects in hot die forging process is of great significance to ensure product quality and improve production efficiency. This paper will discuss the common defects in hot die forging process and its prevention and treatment methods.
In the hot die forging process, the common defects mainly include the following:
Surface cracks: Due to uneven temperature changes during metal heating or unreasonable mold design, cracks may occur on the surface of the product.
Internal defects: such as pores, porosity, etc., mainly due to poor quality of raw materials, heating temperature is too high or too low, forging parameters are not suitable.
Shape and size deviation: Due to mold wear, equipment accuracy decline or improper operation and other reasons, may lead to product shape and size deviation from the design requirements.
In order to prevent defects in the hot die forging process, the following measures can be taken:
Strict control of raw material quality: select high-quality raw materials, and carry out strict inspection to ensure that there are no pores, cracks and other defects in raw materials.
Optimization of heating process: reasonable control of heating temperature, time and speed to ensure uniform metal heating and avoid overheating or overburning.
Improve the mold design: optimize the mold structure, improve the strength and stiffness of the mold, reduce the metal flow resistance, and avoid the production of surface cracks.
Precise control of forging parameters: according to product requirements and the characteristics of metal materials, reasonable selection of forging pressure, speed and deformation parameters to avoid internal defects and shape and size deviations.
For the defects in the hot die forging process, the following methods can be taken to deal with:
Surface crack treatment: according to the size and depth of the crack, grinding, repair welding and other methods can be used to repair. At the same time, it is necessary to analyze the causes of cracks and take corresponding preventive measures to avoid similar defects.
Internal defect treatment: For internal defects, it is generally necessary to locate and quantitative analysis by non-destructive testing technology (such as ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing, etc.). According to the nature and severity of the defect, rework, scrap and other treatment methods can be adopted. At the same time, raw materials, heating process and forging parameters need to be adjusted to prevent similar defects from happening again.
Shape and size deviation treatment: For products with small shape and size deviation, it can be adjusted by dressing, correction and other methods. For products with large deviations, it may be necessary to redesign the mold, adjust the accuracy of the equipment or improve the operation mode. When dealing with the shape and size deviation, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the production process, find out the cause of the deviation, and take corresponding improvement measures.
In short, the prevention and treatment of defects in hot die forging process is of great significance to improve product quality and production efficiency. Through strict control of raw material quality, optimization of heating process, improvement of mold design and precise control of forging parameters, the defects in hot die forging process can be effectively prevented. At the same time, taking corresponding treatment methods to repair and improve the different types of defects can reduce the production cost and improve the competitiveness of enterprises.
