In this paper, the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of hot forging forging is studied. First, the principle and purpose of heat treatment are introduced, and then the experimental materials and methods are described in detail. Then, the influence of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot forging is discussed, and the mechanism is analyzed. Finally, the application and potential value of heat treatment in hot forging forging production are summarized.
As an important mechanical part, hot forging forging has been widely used in aerospace, automobile, energy and other fields. In order to improve the mechanical properties and service life of hot forging, heat treatment has become an indispensable production link. Heat treatment changes the structure of metal materials by controlling heating temperature, holding time and cooling speed, and then affects its properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of hot forging for optimizing production process and improving product quality.
In this paper, some typical alloy steel is selected as the experimental material, and the forging is prepared by hot forging process. Subsequently, a variety of heat treatment processes were carried out on the forging, including quenching, tempering, normalizing and so on. The microstructure changes of forgings under different heat treatment processes were observed by means of metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope. At the same time, the mechanical properties of forgings are evaluated by tensile test and impact test.
Microstructure effect: Experimental results show that different heat treatment processes have a significant effect on the microstructure of hot forging forgings. Quenching treatment makes the forgings obtain martensitic structure, which increases the hardness but decreases the toughness. Tempering treatment can eliminate the internal stress produced by quenching, and obtain tempered martensite or tempered sortensite structure, so that the forgings have better comprehensive mechanical properties. The uniform distribution of pearlite and ferrite structure is obtained by normalizing treatment, and the strength and plasticity of forging are improved.
Influence on mechanical properties: The heat treatment process also has an important impact on the mechanical properties of hot forging forgings. Quenching treatment significantly improves the hardness and wear resistance of forgings, but reduces the impact toughness. Tempering treatment can improve the toughness and plasticity of forgings while maintaining a certain hardness. Normalizing treatment makes forgings obtain a good balance of strength and plasticity.
The influence mechanism of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of hot forging is mainly related to solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and grain refinement. During the quenching process, rapid cooling inhibits the transformation of austenite to pearlite, forming martensitic structure, and enhancing hardness by solution strengthening. In the tempering process, martensite decomposes and precipitates carbides, and toughness is improved by precipitation strengthening. Through proper heating and cooling rate, fine pearlite and ferrite structures were obtained, grain refinement was realized and comprehensive performance was improved.
In this paper, the influence of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of hot forging is studied. It is found that different heat treatment processes have important effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of forging. The structure of hot forging can be optimized and its mechanical properties and service life can be improved by selecting the parameters of heat treatment reasonably. This is of great significance for guiding actual production and improving the quality of hot forging parts, and helps to promote technological progress and application development in related fields.
