In the metal forming process, warm forging technology is widely used in the manufacture of various high-precision and high-strength forgings because of its unique advantages. In the process of warm forging, temperature control is a crucial link, which has a great impact on the quality, performance and manufacturing process of forging. This paper will deeply analyze the influence of temperature control on forging quality during warm forging.
In the process of warm forging, the properties of metal materials will change with the change of temperature. When the temperature increases, the plasticity and fluidity of the material increase, which is conducive to forming complex shapes; However, at the same time, too high temperature will also lead to a reduction in the strength of the material, easy to crack, deformation and other defects. On the contrary, the temperature is too low, the hardness of the material will increase, the deformation resistance will increase, and it is easy to lead to mold wear and incomplete forging. Therefore, choosing the right temperature range, which can both maintain the plastic flow of the material and maintain its sufficient strength, is the key to ensuring the quality of the forging.
In the process of warm forging, the friction between the die and the metal will affect the flow and formation of the metal. When the temperature is too high, the friction coefficient between the mold and the metal is reduced, and the fluidity of the metal is increased, but it may also cause the metal to adhere to the mold, affecting the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the forging. When the temperature is too low, the friction coefficient increases and the fluidity of the metal decreases, which may lead to forming difficulties or stress concentration of the forging. Therefore, reasonable temperature control is very important for reducing die wear and improving the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of forgings.
The internal structure of a metal has a decisive influence on its mechanical properties. In the process of warm forging, the high temperature may lead to the growth of metal grain and reduce the strength and toughness of the material. The temperature is too low, which may cause residual stress inside the metal, leading to cracking and deformation. Therefore, by controlling the temperature, the internal structure of the metal can be adjusted to optimize its mechanical properties, thereby improving the quality and service life of the forgings.
The cooling process after warm forging is also a key factor affecting the quality of forging. Too fast cooling speed will lead to excessive temperature difference between inside and outside the metal, resulting in thermal stress and cracking; If the cooling rate is too slow, the metal may stay at high temperature for too long, leading to grain growth and performance decline. Therefore, controlling the cooling speed and selecting the appropriate cooling medium are important links to ensure the quality of forging.
In summary, temperature control during warm forging has a great influence on forging quality. In order to produce high-quality forgings, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the material properties, mold friction, internal organization and cooling process and other factors, and formulate a reasonable temperature control strategy. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the expansion of application scenarios, there will be more advanced temperature control technology and equipment applied in the warm forging process to help us better understand and grasp the influence of temperature on forging quality to achieve more efficient and accurate temperature control to contribute to the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.
