Forgings manufacturing in petrochemical industry is a complex and critical process in which forging process and die design are two core links. Reasonable forging process can ensure the quality and performance of forgings, and the quality of die design directly affects the shape and dimensional accuracy of forgings. This paper will discuss the importance and key factors of forging process and die design of petrochemical forgings, in order to provide useful reference for related industries.
Forging process of petrochemical forgings
Heating process: Heating is the first step in the forging process, the purpose of which is to achieve the appropriate plastic state of the forging material. The heating temperature should be determined according to the type and specification of the material to ensure that the material can be fully plasticized to facilitate subsequent forging operations.
Forging operations: Forging operations include hammering, pressing, stretching, etc., through which the forging material can be formed into the desired shape. In the operation process, it is necessary to reasonably control the hammer force, speed and frequency to avoid excessive deformation or crack. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the cooling process of the forging to prevent uneven or cracking of the organization caused by excessive cooling.
Heat treatment process: Heat treatment is an essential process link after forging, through heat treatment can improve the organization and mechanical properties of forgings. Common heat treatment methods include annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering. When selecting the heat treatment method, it should be determined according to the material and use requirements of the forging to achieve the best performance.
Die design of petrochemical forgings
Mold material selection: Mold materials should have high hardness, high strength and good wear resistance to ensure that the mold maintains stable shape and dimensional accuracy in long-term use. Commonly used mold materials include tool steel, carbide and so on. When selecting the mold material, it should also consider its compatibility with the forging material to avoid adhesion or chemical reactions.
Mold structure design: The design of the mold structure should be determined according to the shape and size requirements of the forging. Reasonable mold structure can ensure uniform deformation and distribution of forgings in the forging process to avoid local too thick or too thin. At the same time, the demoulding performance of the mold should also be considered to ensure that the forging can be smoothly removed from the mold.
Mold manufacturing process: The mold manufacturing process includes processing, heat treatment and surface treatment. In the process of processing, it is necessary to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the mold to avoid burrs, cracks and other defects. Heat treatment can further improve the hardness and wear resistance of the mold and extend its service life. Surface treatment such as coating, spraying, etc., can enhance the corrosion resistance and lubrication of the mold, improve the service life and efficiency of the mold.
The forging process and die design of petrochemical forgings are the key links to manufacture high quality forgings. Through reasonable heating process, forging operation and heat treatment process, the quality and performance of forgings can be ensured to meet the requirements. The quality of die design directly affects the shape and dimensional accuracy of forging. Therefore, when designing and manufacturing petrochemical forgings, the matching relationship between forging process and die design should be fully considered to achieve the best manufacturing effect.
In the future, with the continuous emergence of new materials and new technologies, the manufacturing of petrochemical forgings will face more challenges and opportunities. Relevant enterprises should continue to learn and master new technologies and new methods to improve production efficiency and product quality to contribute to the sustainable development of the petrochemical industry.
