As the core component of key equipment, the mechanical properties and reliability of petrochemical forgings are very important for the safe and stable operation of the whole petrochemical production line. In order to improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of forgings to meet the high standards of the petrochemical industry, the strengthening process has become an important technical means. This paper will discuss the strengthening process of petrochemical forgings and its importance, and analyze the principle, advantages and disadvantages of various strengthening processes and their application range, in order to provide useful reference for related enterprises and research institutions.
Petrochemical forgings are faced with harsh working environment and complex stress states during use, such as high temperature, high pressure, corrosive media and so on. Therefore, improving the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of forgings is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of equipment. By changing the structure, chemical composition or stress state of the forging surface, the strengthening process can improve its overall performance, extend its service life, reduce maintenance costs and improve production efficiency.
Common strengthening process and principle
Heat treatment strengthening: By controlling the heating, insulation and cooling process, the internal structure and mechanical properties of the forging are changed. Common heat treatment methods include quenching, tempering, normalizing and so on. Quenching can significantly improve the hardness and strength of forgings, but may lead to increased brittleness; Tempering can reduce the brittleness after quenching and improve the toughness; Normalizing can refine the structure and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties.
Surface strengthening: A strengthening layer is formed on the surface of the forging by physical or chemical methods to improve its wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Common surface strengthening methods include carburizing, nitriding, shot peening and so on. Carburizing can increase the carbon content of the surface, improve the hardness and wear resistance; Nitriding can form a nitriding layer to improve corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Shot peening can introduce compressive stress on the surface and improve the fatigue resistance.
Deformation strengthening: By applying an external load to the forging, it causes plastic deformation, thereby increasing its strength and hardness. Deformation strengthening can be achieved by forging, rolling, drawing, etc. Forging can refine the structure and improve the mechanical properties. Rolling and drawing can produce deformation strengthening effect in length direction of forging.
Composite strengthening: A variety of strengthening processes are combined to give full play to their respective advantages and achieve synergistic effects. For example, heat treatment is first strengthened to improve the mechanical properties of the foundation, and then the surface is strengthened to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
Different strengthening processes have their own advantages and disadvantages and application range. For example, heat treatment strengthening can effectively improve the mechanical properties of forgings, but may lead to deformation and cracking and other problems; Surface strengthening can improve the surface properties of forgings, but may increase the cost and machining difficulty. Deformation strengthening can improve the strength and hardness of forgings, but may affect their shape and dimensional accuracy. Therefore, when choosing the strengthening process, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the material, structure and use conditions of the forging.
The strengthening process of petrochemical forgings is an important means to improve its performance and service life. In this paper, the principles, advantages and disadvantages of common strengthening processes such as heat treatment strengthening, surface strengthening, deformation strengthening and composite strengthening are discussed. In the future, with the continuous progress and innovation of science and technology, the strengthening process of petrochemical forgings will be continuously improved and improved to provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of the petrochemical industry. At the same time, with the continuous deepening of the concept of environmental protection and sustainable development, the strengthening process of environmental protection, efficient and energy-saving will become an important development direction.
