The main and auxiliary mechanism of locomotive is an important part of the engine, and the main and auxiliary connecting rod forging as the key parts, its design optimization is of great significance to improve the engine performance, reduce energy consumption and extend the service life. This paper will discuss the design optimization of main and auxiliary link forging in the main and auxiliary mechanism of locomotive.
Material selection and performance optimization
High strength materials: In order to meet the high load and high temperature working environment, the main and auxiliary connecting rod forgings should choose high strength, high temperature resistant materials, such as alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. These materials can improve the fatigue and tensile strength of the connecting rod and reduce the risk of fracture and deformation.
Lightweight design: under the premise of ensuring sufficient strength, the quality of the main and auxiliary connecting rod forging should be reduced as much as possible. The lightweight design helps to reduce the engine’s assembly mass, thereby improving fuel economy and power performance. Lightweight can be achieved by optimizing the structure and shape of the forgings, using hollow or hollow designs.
Heat treatment process optimization: A reasonable heat treatment process can further improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the material. According to the characteristics of the selected materials, scientific and reasonable heat treatment process parameters are formulated to obtain the best mechanical properties.
Structural design optimization
Geometry optimization: The geometry of the main and auxiliary link forging has a direct impact on its working performance and service life. By optimizing the length, width, thickness and other parameters of the connecting rod, as well as rationally designing the Angle and position of the connecting rod head, the force transmission and motion characteristics of the engine can be improved.
Stress distribution optimization: In the process of structural design, the stress distribution of the connecting rod at work should be fully considered. By optimizing the cross section shape and size of the forging, the stress concentration area is reduced and the fatigue resistance of the connecting rod is improved.
Optimization of connection parts: Special attention should be paid to the connection parts of the main and auxiliary connecting rod forgings and other components. Optimize the position and size of connection parts such as bolt holes and pin holes to reduce stress concentration and assembly difficulty.
Dynamic performance optimization
Stiffness and damping optimization: Reasonable stiffness and damping design helps to reduce the vibration and noise of the connecting rod during operation. By adjusting the thickness of forging, adding damping element or adopting elastic support, the stiffness and damping performance of connecting rod are improved.
Dynamic characteristics analysis: Using finite element analysis, modal analysis and other means to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the main and auxiliary connecting rod forging, to understand its natural frequency, vibration mode and other parameters. Avoid resonance with other parts of the engine, improve the stability of the whole machine.
Manufacturing process optimization
Forging process optimization: In the forging process, the forging process should be rationally arranged, and the temperature, pressure and other process parameters should be optimized to reduce the internal stress and deformation. Improve forming accuracy and mechanical properties of forgings.
Optimization of processing technology: According to the different processing requirements of the main and auxiliary connecting rod forging, the appropriate processing equipment and tools are selected. Optimize cutting parameters and machining sequence to improve machining efficiency and surface quality.
Inspection and test: Strengthen the quality inspection and control in the production process, and use non-destructive testing, dimensional measurement and other methods to ensure that the quality of the connecting rod meets the requirements. At the same time, the necessary bench test and installation test are carried out to verify the performance of the connecting rod under actual working conditions.
Environmental adaptability optimization
Corrosion resistance: Considering the working environment of the main and auxiliary connecting rod forgings inside the engine, materials with good corrosion resistance or anti-corrosion treatment of the surface should be selected to improve the service life of the connecting rod.
High temperature resistance: For the high temperature working environment of the engine, the selection of materials with excellent high temperature resistance or thermal protection treatment of the connecting rod to ensure that the connecting rod can still maintain sufficient mechanical properties at high temperatures.
Sealing and leakage prevention: Effective sealing measures should be taken at the connecting parts of the connecting rod to prevent oil leakage and other impurities from entering. The selection of sealing materials and the optimization of sealing structure are very important to improve the reliability and maintenance of the engine.
To sum up, the design optimization of main and auxiliary linkage forging in locomotive main and auxiliary mechanism is a comprehensive process involving many aspects. By considering the factors such as material selection, structural design, dynamic characteristics, manufacturing process and environmental adaptability, the performance and reliability of the main and auxiliary link forging can be improved. This will help improve the overall performance of the engine, reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs, and provide strong support for the continuous improvement and innovation of the main and auxiliary mechanisms of the locomotive.
