With the continuous development of high-speed railway technology, the performance requirements of high-speed railway precision forgings are becoming higher and higher. As the key parts of high-speed railway vehicles, the quality of precision forgings directly affects the safety and stability of vehicles. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the production process of high speed railway precision forgings and improve the performance and reliability of precision forgings. This paper will discuss the production technology of precision forgings in high speed railway.
High-speed railway precision forging refers to the key parts used in high-speed railway vehicles, such as axles, gears, bearings, etc. These precision forgings need to withstand harsh conditions such as high load, high stress and high temperature during high-speed operation. Therefore, high-speed railway precision forgings need to have the following characteristics:
High strength and toughness: can withstand high loads and high stresses in high-speed operation, while having good toughness to avoid brittle fracture.
Corrosion resistance: It can resist the corrosion of corrosive media in high-speed operation and ensure stable performance in long-term use.
High precision and surface quality: Strict dimensional accuracy and surface quality requirements need to be met to ensure assembly accuracy and operational stability with other parts.
Reliability: It needs to undergo strict inspection and testing to ensure stable and reliable performance during its service life.
The production process of high speed railway precision forgings
Raw material preparation: Select the appropriate raw materials according to the requirements of precision forgings, such as ingot, alloy, etc. Ensure the quality and stability of raw materials.
Heating and rolling: The raw material is heated to the appropriate temperature and rolled to obtain the desired billet shape and size. Reasonable heating and rolling process can improve the structure and mechanical properties of billet.
Forging: According to the structure and size requirements of the precision forging, the plastic processing of the blank is carried out with the appropriate forging process to form the preliminary shape of the forging. In the forging process, attention should be paid to the control of temperature, deformation and cooling speed and other process parameters to ensure the mechanical properties and organizational stability of precision forgings.
Heat treatment: According to the material and performance requirements of precision forgings, the corresponding heat treatment process, such as quenching, tempering, etc. Heat treatment can adjust the microstructure and mechanical properties of precision forgings to meet the design requirements.
Machining and polishing: Machining of precision forgings, such as turning, milling, drilling, etc., to meet its dimensional accuracy and surface quality requirements. Polishing can remove the surface roughness produced in the process of machining, improve the appearance quality and corrosion resistance of precision forgings.
Inspection and test: Quality inspection and performance test of precision forgings to ensure that they meet the design requirements and use conditions. Non-destructive testing techniques such as ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing can be used to detect internal defects of precision forgings, as well as mechanical property tests and fatigue tests to evaluate their performance.
Packaging and transportation: The qualified precision forgings are properly packaged and labeled to prevent damage during transportation and storage. At the same time, ensure that the packaging is firm and reliable, easy to handle and store.
In the production process of high speed railway precision forging, the control of key process parameters and quality stability are very important. Here are some key process parameters and quality control considerations:
Heating temperature: Control the heating temperature within the appropriate range to avoid uneven organization or performance degradation caused by too high or too low temperature.
Deformation amount and deformation speed: reasonable control of deformation amount and deformation speed to ensure uniform flow of billet during plastic processing, reduce internal stress concentration, prevent cracking and reduce production costs.
