As a key component of high-speed railway construction and operation, the quality of precision forgings is directly related to the safety and stability of trains. Therefore, it is very important to carry out strict quality inspection on high speed railway precision forgings. In this paper, the product quality inspection technology and method of high speed railway precision forgings will be studied in order to provide useful reference for the development of related industries.
Technology and method of product quality inspection
Appearance inspection: Appearance inspection is the basic link of product quality inspection, mainly through visual, touch and other ways to check the surface defects, dimensions, etc. For surface quality, we should pay attention to the existence and severity of defects such as cracks, pores and inclusions. For dimensions, it should be ensured that they meet the requirements of the design drawings and relevant standards.
Nondestructive testing: Nondestructive testing is the use of physical methods for non-destructive testing of materials or components, commonly used nondestructive testing methods include ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current testing and so on. These methods can detect the defects inside the material, such as cracks, pores, etc., with non-destructive and efficient characteristics.
Mechanical properties testing: Mechanical properties testing is an important means to evaluate the quality of precision forgings, mainly through tensile test, impact test, hardness test and other ways. Through these tests, the key mechanical properties parameters such as tensile strength, yield strength and impact toughness of the material can be obtained, so as to determine whether the material meets the design requirements and use conditions.
Metallographic analysis: Metallographic analysis analyzes the microstructure of materials to understand their internal organizational structure and composition distribution. By observing the grain size and phase composition of the material with metallographic microscope, the properties of the material can be evaluated and the basis for improving the production process can be provided.
Coordinate measurement: Coordinate measurement is a high-precision measurement method, by measuring the size and form and position tolerance of the workpiece in a three-dimensional coordinate system, it can accurately assess whether it meets the design requirements. This method has important application in quality inspection of precision forgings with complex shape and high precision.
Taking a high speed railway precision forging production enterprise as an example, the enterprise adopts a variety of quality detection techniques and methods to strictly control the quality of products. First, the surface quality and size of the precision forgings are preliminarily checked through appearance inspection. Secondly, ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing are used to detect the internal defects of materials. At the same time, mechanical properties and metallographic analysis were carried out to obtain the mechanical properties parameters and microstructure information of the material. For precision forgings requiring high precision, the three-dimensional coordinate measurement is used to measure the exact size and form and position tolerance. The application of these quality detection techniques and methods ensures the high quality and reliability of the high-speed railway precision forgings produced by the company.
Through the research of product quality inspection technology and method of high speed railway precision forgings, we can draw the following conclusions and suggestions:
Combined use of multiple detection technologies: For different quality detection needs, a combination of multiple detection technologies can be used for comprehensive and accurate quality assessment. For example, the appearance test is combined with non-destructive testing, and the mechanical property test is combined with metallographic analysis.
Introduction of automated inspection equipment: In order to improve inspection efficiency and accuracy, enterprises can introduce automated inspection equipment, such as automatic optical inspection system, robot assisted measurement system, etc. These devices can realize fast and accurate automatic detection and improve the level of product quality control.
Strengthen personnel training and technical exchange: the professionalism and complexity of quality testing technology requires the relevant personnel to have a high professional quality. Enterprises should strengthen personnel training and technical exchanges, improve the skill level and professional quality of testing personnel, and provide a strong talent guarantee for product quality testing.
Continuous research and development and innovation: With the development of science and technology and the needs of industrial upgrading, product quality testing technology and methods are constantly updated and improved. Enterprises should continue to carry out research and development and innovation, introduce advanced testing technology and equipment, and improve the accuracy and reliability of product quality testing.
Establish a sound quality management system: enterprises should establish a sound quality management system, clear quality objectives and requirements, and formulate strict quality control procedures and standards. At the same time, strengthen the quality supervision and audit to ensure the effective operation of the quality management system and the high standard control of product quality.
