Forging process is an important technology in the field of metal processing, which uses forging equipment to plastically deform metal materials to obtain the desired shape and properties. This paper will elaborate the basic principle of forging process and the actual operation process, to help readers better understand and apply this technology.
First, the basic principle of forging process
The basic principle of forging process is to use the plastic deformation characteristics of metal materials to produce shape changes through external force. In the forging process, the metal material is subjected to hammer, extrusion and other forces, and its internal grains slip and rearrange, so as to achieve a change in shape. At the same time, factors such as temperature and strain rate during forging will also affect the deformation behavior and properties of metal materials.
- The actual operation process of forging process
Material preparation
First, you need to prepare the metal material to be forged. These materials are usually pre-treated, such as cutting, heating, etc., to meet the requirements of the forging process. At the same time, it is also necessary to check the chemical composition, mechanical properties and other indicators of the material to ensure that it meets the forging requirements.
Heating treatment
Metal materials need to be heated before forging. The purpose of heating is to improve the plasticity of the material and reduce the deformation resistance, so as to facilitate forging. The heating temperature should be adjusted according to the type and thickness of the material, to avoid too high or too low resulting in material performance degradation or forging difficulties.
Forging operation
Forging operation is the core of forging process. According to the shape and size of the forging requirements, choose the appropriate forging equipment and mold. In the forging process, parameters such as hammer force and strain rate need to be controlled to ensure uniform deformation of metal materials and avoid defects such as cracks and folding. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to maintaining the stability of the forging temperature to prevent the performance fluctuations of the material due to temperature changes.
Cooling and subsequent treatment
After forging is completed, the forging needs to be cooled. The cooling method should be selected according to the type and performance of the material to avoid excessive residual stress and deformation. After cooling, it is also necessary to carry out follow-up treatment on the forging, such as trimming, dressing, heat treatment, etc., to further improve its performance and appearance quality.
Third, precautions
In the actual operation of the forging process, the following points need to be noted:
Strictly follow the safety operation procedures to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.
Regular inspection and maintenance of forging equipment to ensure its normal operation and accuracy stability.
Strictly control the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the material to ensure the stability of the forging quality.
Pay close attention to the temperature, strain rate and other parameters in the forging process, and adjust them in time to ensure the forging effect.
Iv. Summary
Forging process is a complex and fine metal processing technology, which involves many links such as material preparation, heating treatment, forging operation and follow-up treatment. By mastering the basic principle of forging process and practical operation skills, the effective plastic deformation of metal materials can be achieved, and the forging products with excellent performance and appearance quality can be obtained. In practical application, it is necessary to accumulate experience and optimize process parameters to improve the efficiency and quality of forging process.
