Forging is an important metal forming process, widely used in various industrial fields. In the forging process, forging temperature is a crucial parameter, which not only affects the plasticity and fluidity of the metal, but also directly relates to the quality of the forging. Therefore, the in-depth study of the relationship between forging temperature and forging quality is of great significance for optimizing forging process and improving forging quality.
Influence of forging temperature on forging quality
Metal plasticity and fluidity
Forging temperature is the key factor affecting metal plasticity and fluidity. With the increase of forging temperature, the yield strength of the metal decreases and the plasticity increases, which is conducive to the flow and formation of the metal in the mold. However, too high forging temperature can cause the metal grain to grow, which reduces the strength and toughness of the material. Therefore, choosing the right forging temperature is crucial to ensure that the metal has good plasticity and fluidity.
Forging dimensional accuracy
Forging temperature has an important effect on the dimensional accuracy of forging parts. In the forging process, the metal is subjected to external force in the mold and plastic deformation occurs. The proper forging temperature can improve the fluidity of the metal, so that the metal can better fill the mold cavity, thus improving the dimensional accuracy of the forging. However, too low forging temperature will lead to the reduction of metal plasticity and poor fluidity, making it difficult for the forging to fill the mold cavity, resulting in defects such as underfeed and shrinkage holes.
Forging surface quality
The forging temperature also has significant influence on the surface quality of forgings. The proper forging temperature can ensure the uniform flow of metal in the mold, reduce the adhesion of metal on the surface of the mold, and thus improve the surface quality of the forging. However, too high forging temperature will lead to increased oxidation of the metal surface, forming defects such as oxide skin, and reducing the surface quality of the forging. In addition, too high forging temperature may also lead to mold damage, further affecting the surface quality of the forging.
Internal quality of forging
The forging temperature also has an important effect on the internal quality of the forging. The proper forging temperature can promote the homogenization and refinement of the internal structure of the metal, and reduce the internal defects such as pores and inclusions. However, too low forging temperature will cause the internal structure of the metal to be uneven, resulting in residual stress and lattice distortion. But too high forging temperature may lead to metal grain growth, reduce the strength and toughness of the material.
Method of optimizing forging temperature
In order to optimize forging temperature and improve forging quality, the following methods can be taken:
Select the right forging temperature range. According to the type of metal materials, composition and forging process requirements, the appropriate forging temperature range is selected to ensure that the metal has good plasticity and fluidity during the forging process.
Stability of control forging temperature. In the forging process, it is necessary to strictly control the stability of the forging temperature to avoid excessive temperature fluctuations on the quality of the forging.
Optimize heating and cooling processes. The heating and cooling process is an important factor affecting the forging temperature. By optimizing the heating and cooling process, it is possible to ensure that the metal remains at the right temperature during forging, improving the quality of the forgings.
Introduce advanced temperature control technology. With the development of science and technology, more and more advanced temperature control technology is applied in the field of forging. By introducing these technologies, the precise control of forging temperature can be achieved, and the quality of forging can be further improved.
Forging temperature is one of the key factors affecting forging quality. The proper forging temperature can improve the plasticity and fluidity of the metal, which is conducive to the flow and formation of the metal in the mold. At the same time, the appropriate forging temperature can also ensure that the forging has good dimensional accuracy, surface quality and internal quality. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the forging temperature in the forging process, and take appropriate measures to optimize the forging temperature to improve the quality of the forging.
