With the continuous development of construction machinery industry, aluminum forgings are widely used in construction machinery as an important part material. However, due to the large load and vibration of construction machinery in the working process, aluminum forgings often face various failure problems, which poses a threat to the safety and reliability of construction machinery. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the failure of aluminum forgings and take corresponding preventive measures.
- Failure analysis:
(1) Fatigue failure: cyclic load for a long time leads to fatigue fracture of parts. Common causes include parts surface defects, stress concentration, excessive load and so on.
(2) Plastic deformation failure: When aluminum forgings are subjected to overload under conditions exceeding their material strength, plastic deformation failure may occur, such as plastic deformation, peeling, etc.
(3) Hot crack failure: under high temperature conditions, aluminum forgings are susceptible to hot cracks. The main causes include thermal stress concentration and organizational inhomogeneity within the material.
- Preventive measures:
(1) Optimization design: reasonable design of construction machinery aluminum forgings structure to avoid stress concentration. For example, adopting appropriate radius and transition shapes, eliminating mutations, etc.
(2) Material selection: aluminum forging materials with good strength and toughness are selected according to working conditions. At the same time, the weldability and corrosion resistance of aluminum forgings should be considered.
(3) Precision forging and heat treatment: By optimizing the forging process and heat treatment process, improve the organization and performance of aluminum forgings, improve its fatigue resistance and crack resistance.
(4) Surface treatment: surface shot peening and coating of protective layer are adopted to improve the surface quality of aluminum forgings and reduce the probability of surface defects and cracks.
(5) Processing process control: strictly control the processing process parameters to avoid excessive deformation stress and temperature gradient, and reduce the possibility of plastic deformation failure of aluminum forgings.
(6) Testing and monitoring: Regular non-destructive testing of aluminum forgings, timely detection of potential defects and repair or replacement measures to extend their service life.
(7) Maintenance: Regular cleaning, lubrication and fastening inspection of construction machinery aluminum forgings to remove impurities and foreign bodies and maintain a suitable use environment.
Through the above failure analysis and preventive measures, the failure risk of construction machinery aluminum forgings can be effectively reduced, and its service life and reliability can be improved. At the same time, it provides important support and guarantee for the development of construction machinery industry.
Please note that specific failure analysis and preventive measures also need to be comprehensively considered and evaluated according to the actual conditions of use of construction machinery, material characteristics and specific parts structure.
